Science Refutes Creationism

Fasting diet 'regenerates diabetic pancreas' http://www.bbc.com/news/health-39070183 Excerpt: "The pancreas can be triggered to regenerate itself through a type of fasting diet, say US researchers. Restoring the function of the organ - which helps control blood sugar levels - reversed symptoms of diabetes in animal experiments. The study, published in the journal Cell, says the diet reboots the body. Experts said the findings were "potentially very exciting" as they could become a new treatment for the disease. People are advised not to try this without medical advice. In the experiments, mice were put on a modified form of the "fasting-mimicking diet". It is like the human form of the diet when people spend five days on a low-calorie, low-protein, low-carbohydrate but high unsaturated-fat diet. It resembles a vegan diet with nuts and soups, but with around 800 to 1,100 calories a day. Then they have 25 days eating what they want - so overall it mimics ...

Early-stage embryos with abnormalities can still develop into healthy babies http://www.sanger.ac.uk/news/view/early-stage-embryos-abnormalities-can-still-develop-healthy-babies Excerpt: "Abnormal cells in the early embryo are not necessarily a sign that a baby will be born with a birth defect such as Down’s syndrome, suggests new research from the University of Cambridge, the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute and the University of Leuven, Belgium. In a study published today (29 March) in the journal Nature Communications, scientists show that abnormal cells are eliminated and replaced by healthy cells, repairing – and in many cases completely fixing – the embryo. Researchers at the Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience at Cambridge report a mouse model of aneuploidy, where some cells in the embryo contain an abnormal number of chromosomes. Normally, each cell in the human embryo should contain 23 pairs of chromosomes (22 pairs of chromosomes and one pair of sex chr...

150 years of Dog breeding shows what evolution actually means. Dead end. The following figure illustrates the huge differences between different breeds of dog skulls. Variation has occurred rapidly, mostly during the last 150 years as a result of so called artificial selection. The skull morphogenesis, i.e. the determination of the shape of the skull, is based on epigenetic mechanism, mainly on certain histone methylation. I have claimed that the variation is only caused by epigenetic factors and leads to sequence alterations that burden the genome and cause genetic degeneration and disease. Now, can we have honest answers from the evolutionists? What condition might be the dog breed genome today? You have just seen the evolution in Fast Forward. Dead end.

Message of the Missing Heritability Problem: Gene sequences don't determine traits https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Missing_heritability_problem Excerpt: "The "missing heritability" problem can be defined as the fact that single genetic variations cannot account for much of the heritability of diseases, behaviors, and other phenotypes. This is a problem that has significant implications for medicine, since a person's susceptibility to disease may depend more on "the combined effect of all the genes in the background than on the disease genes in the foreground", or the role of genes may have been severely overestimated." My comment: The Missing Heritability problem is a very inconvenient fact for evolutionists. There are several scientific facts pointing out that genetic variations don't correlate with diseases, behavior or any other heritable traits. For example, at least seven different lactase persistence gene alleles are known. Which one is the...

Poor diet in long term is a reason for most mutations https://medicalxpress.com/news/2015-07-vitamin-cardiovascular-disease-early-death.html#nRlv Excerpt: "Eating a lot of fruit and vegetables is a natural way of increasing vitamin C blood levels, which in the long term may contribute to reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease and early death. You can get vitamin C supplements, but it is a good idea to get your vitamin C by eating a healthy diet, which will at the same time help you to develop a healthier lifestyle in the long term, for the general benefit of your health." My comment: Vitamin C is very important for your epigenome and immune system. Lack of vitamin C disrupts your epigenome and makes your genome weaker causing genetic changes. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4506708/ Vitamin C is also related to reduced risk of cardiovascular disease and early death: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2015-07-vitamin-cardiovascular-disease-early-death.html#nRlv F...

Start codons in DNA may be more numerous than previously thought https://phys.org/news/2017-02-codons-dna-numerous-previously-thought.html Excerpt: "For decades, scientists working with genetic material have labored with a few basic rules in mind. To start, DNA is transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA), and mRNA is translated into proteins, which are essential for almost all biological functions. The central principle regarding that translation has long held that only a small number of three-letter sequences in mRNA, known as start codons, could trigger the production of proteins. But researchers might need to revisit and possibly rewrite this rule, after recent measurements from a team including scientists from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). The findings, to be published on February 21, 2017, in the journal Nucleic Acids Research by scientists in a research collaboration between NIST and Stanford University, demonstrate that there are at least 47 possib...

Serious overestimation of species count https://www.sciencenews.org/article/number-species-depends-how-you-count-them Excerpt: "Computer programs that rely on genetic data alone split populations of organisms into five to 13 times as many species as actually exist, researchers report online January 30 in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences." My comment: This is the result after false science and Darwinian heresy. Evolutionary biologists are lost with their definitions of species and with true reasons for adaptation and variation of organisms. Let's figure it out what speciation actually means. Organisms adapt into changing environment due to epigenetic regulatory mechanisms. Adaptation may lead to change in phenotype which is observed as variation. When the outcome has changed a lot, there have been significant epigenetic alterations in the organism's genome. These changes also influence the type of pheromones the organism produce. Pheromones control matin...

Ingested plant miRNAs regulate gene expression in animals https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3351922/ Excerpt: " The incidence of genetic material or epigenetic information transferred from one organism to another is an important biological question. A recent study demonstrated that plant small RNAs acquired orally through food intake directly influence gene expression in animals after migration through the plasma and delivery to specific organs. Non-protein coding RNAs, and in particular small RNAs, were recently revealed as master chief regulators of gene expression in all organisms . Endogenous small RNAs come in different flavors, depending on their mode of biogenesis. Most microRNAs (miRNA) and short interferring RNAs (siRNA) derive from long double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) precursors that are processed into small RNA duplexes, 20 to 25-nt long, by RNaseIII enzymes called Dicer. One strand of small RNA duplexes is loaded onto an Argonaute protein that executes silencing...

Bird study reveals a key assumption in evolution theory is false http://sciencenordic.com/bird-study-reveals-key-assumption-evolution-theory-false Excerpt: "A new study of fifty bird species from the Andes now rules out any possibility of predicting evolution on a single genetic mutation. The scientists wanted to study oxygen uptake in the blood at various altitudes, so these birds were the ideal test subjects. “These birds live both at high altitudes and at sea level, so they’re a good case study. Our data show that haemoglobin in birds living at higher altitude can take up oxygen more effectively. And we wanted to study this difference at the genetic level,” says Fago. The scientists took samples from 50 different species of birds that live at various altitudes in the Andes. They compared the blood analysis with the genes that are responsible for producing haemoglobin. But what they discovered, was unexpected. Birds living at high altitude, need to be specially adapted to cope w...

Infertile Mom's Genetics, Via MicroRNAs, Get Passed On To Her Egg Donation Child http://www.medicaldaily.com/infertile-moms-genetics-micrornas-get-passed-her-egg-donation-child-355788 Excerpt: "A new study from researchers at the Fundacion Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad and Stanford University suggests infertile women who carry a child fertilized using a donor egg still impart an important genetic gift to their children. Molecules known as MicroRNAs that are secreted in the mother’s womb can change the genetic information of the child, the researchers say. “The ‘Barker hypothesis’ suggests that ‘the womb may be more important than the home,’ emphasizing the concept that the maternal endometrium [or the mucus membrane of the womb] has a reprogramming effect on the embryo, fetus, and adult,” wrote the researchers, who believe their work supports this famous theory. The heartbreak of infertility includes knowing you will never pass on your genes to your children. Neverthele...

Dynamic DNA methylation and demethylation crucial to regulation of key signalling pathways in early body plan formation https://www.activemotif.com/stem-cell-epigenetics-news Excerpt: "Mammalian genomes undergo epigenetic modifications, including cytosine methylation by DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs). Oxidation of 5-methylcytosine by the Ten-eleven translocation (TET) family of dioxygenases can lead to demethylation. Although cytosine methylation has key roles in several processes such as genomic imprinting and X-chromosome inactivation, the functional significance of cytosine methylation and demethylation in mouse embryogenesis remains to be fully determined. Here a collaboration of researchers from China and the US show that inactivation of all three Tet genes in mice leads to gastrulation phenotypes, including primitive streak patterning defects in association with impaired maturation of axial mesoderm and failed specification of paraxial mesoderm, mimicking phenotypes in embry...

Claims about convergent evolution are absurd http://crev.info/2017/02/crazy-convergences-distort-darwinism/ Excerpt: "Get a load of this: Darwinians claim that complex features arose independently multiple times by an unknown process called “convergent evolution.” Giving a name to something is not the same as explaining it. Darwinians have learned how to manipulate language to create vacuous terms that masquerade as explanations. For instance, if two organisms that share the same assumed ancestral line have similar traits, they are called “homologous” traits in Darwinese. But if the traits are similar and are not on the same ancestral line, they call them “analogous” traits. When evolution splits traits apart, they call it “divergence.” When evolution brings separate organisms together, they call it “convergence.” Evolutionists confabulate and confibulate to pretend they are doing science, when they’re actually just playing Jargonwocky. Let’s look at some examples that demonstrate...

Mutation status alone is not specific enough when predicting effectiveness of drugs against cancers http://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14262 Excerpt: "If a group of tumours could be successfully treated using a drug, the scientists looked for typical biomarkers for this tumour type. Up to now, doctors have decided for and against the use of a drug directed against the EGF receptor mainly based on gene mutations. However, the mutation status alone is not specific enough. This means that rather than relying on the mutation status alone, we now have much more information on which to base decisions about treatment," explains Yaspo. The scientists now know the molecular profile of the tumours, which are more likely to be successfully treated with these drugs." My comment: Only 5–10% of all cancer cases can be attributed to genetic defects. S uccessful cellular differentiation is based on epigenetic control of gene expression.  Cancer means unsuccessful cellular differentiat...

Cellular differentiation, adaptation and variation of organisms is directed by RNA, not DNA https://www.researchgate.net/publication/24312289_RNA-directed_DNA_methylation_and_demethylation_in_plants Excerpt: "RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) is a nuclear process in which small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) direct the cytosine methylation of DNA sequences that are complementary to the siRNAs. In plants, double stranded-RNAs (dsRNAs) generated by RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 2 (RDR2) serve as precursors for Dicer-like 3 dependent biogenesis of 24-nt siRNAs. Plant specific RNA polymerase IV (Pol IV) is presumed to generate the initial RNA transcripts that are substrates for RDR2. siRNAs are loaded onto an argonaute4-containing RISC (RNA-induced silencing complex) that targets the de novo DNA methyltransferase DRM2 to RdDM target loci." My comment: There are only a few chemical modifications discovered on the DNA and histones; especially methylation and acetylation. But the list o...

Cancer is a Preventable Disease that Requires Major Lifestyle Changes https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2515569/ Excerpt: "After sequencing his own genome, pioneer genomic researcher Craig Venter remarked at a leadership for the twenty-first century conference, “Human biology is actually far more complicated than we imagine. Everybody talks about the genes that they received from their mother and father, for this trait or the other. But in reality, those genes have very little impact on life outcomes. Our biology is way too complicated for that and deals with hundreds of thousands of independent factors. Genes are absolutely not our fate. They can give us useful information about the increased risk of a disease, but in most cases they will not determine the actual cause of the disease, or the actual incidence of somebody getting it. Most biology will come from the complex interaction of all the proteins and cells working with environmental factors, not driven directly...

DNA is no master controller,  nor is it even at the centre of biology https://www.independentsciencenews.org/health/genetics-is-giving-way-to-a-new-science-of-life/#more-2214 Excerpt: "Test your understanding of the living world with this simple question. What kind of biomolecule is found in all living organisms? If your answer is “DNA”, you are incorrect. The mistake is very forgiveable though. The standard English-language biology education casts DNA (DeoxyriboNucleic Acid) as the master molecule of life, coordinating and controlling most, if not all, living functions. This master molecule concept is popular. It is plausible. It is taught in every university and high school. But it is wrong. DNA is no master controller , nor is it even at the centre of biology . Instead, science overwhelmingly shows that life is self-organised and thus the pieces are in place for biology to undergo the ultimate paradigm shift. To take a ruthless look at that question is thus the purpose of this ...

Epigenetic factors are linked to genetic changes About 200,000 disease-causing genetic mutations have been discovered in the human DNA. Are these alterations random changes? Let's figure it out. http://genome.sph.umich.edu/wiki/SNP_Call_Set_Properties Excerpt: "Human mutations don't occur randomly. In fact, transitions (changes from A <-> G and C <-> T) are expected to occur twice as frequently as transversions (changes from A <-> C, A <-> T, G <-> C or G <-> T). One of the most surprising features of many variant lists in humans is that C->T changes (C reference, T variant) are more frequent than T->C changes. Likewise, G->A changes are more frequent than A->G changes. At first, this might seem a bit puzzling. For example, perhaps we might expect that the two counts should be extremely similar. However, the reference makes perfect biological sense -- and the explanation below is due to Tom Blackwell. The major mechanism for ...

Scientists try to fix the mutation that causes sickle cell disease https://www.statnews.com/2016/10/12/crispr-sickle-cell-mouse/ Excerpt: "Scientists have taken an important step toward using CRISPR-Cas9 genome-editing to cure sickle cell disease, repairing the disease-causing mutation in blood-forming cells taken from patients. Some edited cells, injected into lab mice, both survived in the animals’ bone marrow and turned into red blood cells — a hint that CRISPR’d cells would would produce healthy hemoglobin in people. This is the first such experiment to get levels of healthy hemoglobin that might be high enough to cure patients. Sickle cell is a painful and sometimes fatal disease that affects about 100,000 people in the US. Many scientists consider it an embarrassment that, although the mutation responsible for sickle cell was discovered in 1949, the revolution in molecular biology and genetics has hardly touched it. That is finally changing. Researchers at Dana-Farber/Bosto...

About 10,000 new genetic mutations discovered annually in the human DNA http://www.hgmd.cf.ac.uk/ac/index.php http://www.sanger.ac.uk/news/view/genetic-study-identifies-14-new-developmental-disorders-children "Study shows 400,000 children with (new) developmental disorders born each year globally" There's no doubt that human genome is rapidly degrading. The human gene mutation database proves this fact. Conclusions are obvious: - Human genome is very young, only a few thousands of years. - Rapidly increasing number of mutations form a logarithmic curve, which means that mutations make the genome weaker and new mutations arise even rapidly than before. - Not a single beneficial mutation is observed. This means evolutionary theory is a major lie. - Scientists urgently need efficient gene editing techniques. That's why they are focusing on CRISPR/Cas9 and other techniques. Table Description Total entries 197952 Gene symbol The gene description, ge...